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    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "expansion-068",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "From Slaves to Synths? Superintelligence and the Evolution of Legal Personality",
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      {
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      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.02773",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "expansion-069",
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    "title": "SCITT Architecture / RFC 9943 and IETF SCITT Working Group Materials",
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    "URL": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/scitt/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "expansion-074",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "The AI Incident Database: A Call to Action",
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      {
        "literal": "McGregor"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/17817",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "expansion-075",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "AI Incident Database",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Responsible AI Collaborative"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://incidentdatabase.ai/",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "expansion-076",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Atlas of AI",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Crawford"
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    ],
    "URL": "https://katecrawford.net/atlas",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "download-assertion-accountability",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Assertion, Accountability, and Large Language Models",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Gómez",
        "given": "Germán Massaguer"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-026-01136-y",
    "note": "Peer-reviewed philosophical argument, not an empirical demonstration that every present or future AI lacks agency. Supplied open-access article, CC BY 4.0.",
    "DOI": "10.1007/s13347-026-01136-y",
    "container-title": "Philosophy & Technology",
    "issued": {
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  },
  {
    "id": "download-consciousness-prior",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "The Consciousness Prior",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Yoshua Bengio"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.08568v2",
    "note": "First posted 2017; supplied revision dated December 2019."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-odysseus-adorno",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Odysseus and Adorno: A Note on Cunning and Dialectics",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Allen",
        "given": "William S."
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1215/0094033X-11309158",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1215/0094033X-11309158",
    "container-title": "New German Critique",
    "issued": {
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        [
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          11,
          1
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      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "download-discursive-practice-logic",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "From Discursive Practice to Logic? Remarks on Logical Expressivism",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Kibble",
        "given": "Rodger"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.5087/dad.2020.202",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.5087/dad.2020.202",
    "container-title": "Dialogue & Discourse",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
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          8,
          1
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      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "download-plan-rewardbench",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "Aligning Agents via Planning: A Benchmark for Trajectory-Level Reward Modeling",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Jiaxuan Wang; Yulan Hu; Wenjin Yang; Zheng Pan; Xin Li; Lan-Zhe Guo"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.1062/",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-verify-before-commit",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "Verify Before You Commit: Towards Faithful Reasoning in LLM Agents via Self-Auditing",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Wenhao Yuan; Chenchen Lin; Jian Chen; Jinfeng Xu; Xuehe Wang; Edith Cheuk Han Ngai"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.1440/",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-subjective-experience-reports",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "Large Language Models Report Subjective Experience Under Self-Referential Processing",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Cameron Berg; Diogo de Lucena; Judd Rosenblatt"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.24797v2",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-accountability-horizon",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "The Accountability Horizon: An Impossibility Theorem for Governing Human-Agent Collectives",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Haileleol Tibebu; Hewan Shemtaga"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.07778v2",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-trace",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "TRACE: An Operational Reasoning Schema for Auditable Agentic Commitments",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Edward Y. Chang; Emily J. Chang"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.12480v1",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-governed-proactive-agency",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "When Intelligence Becomes Agency: A Theory of Governed, Proactive Agency for Symbiotic AI Systems",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "João Dias Ferreira"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.07741v1",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-federalist-51",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Federalist No. 51 — Annotated Excerpts",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "James Madison; National Constitution Center (annotations)"
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    ],
    "URL": "https://constitutioncenter.org/education/classroom-resource-library/classroom/6.5-primary-source-james-madison-federalist-no-51-1788",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "download-truth-politics",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Truth and Politics",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Hannah Arendt"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1967/02/25/truth-and-politics",
    "note": "First of two essays in the supplied combined scan; the opening spread also contains the end of the preceding chapter."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-lying-politics",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Lying in Politics: Reflections on the Pentagon Papers",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Hannah Arendt"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.nybooks.com/articles/1971/11/18/lying-in-politics-reflections-on-the-pentagon-pape/",
    "note": "Second essay in the supplied combined scan; originally published in 1971."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-conditions-personhood",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Conditions of Personhood",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Daniel C. Dennett"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://dl.tufts.edu/concern/pdfs/sf268h06v",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "download-ethics-language",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Ethics and Language",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Charles L. Stevenson"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://books.google.com/books?id=xD9HpgkcpAgC",
    "note": "Book-length source, not a short essay; the supplied scan is a later printing."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-ai-control",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "AI Control: Improving Safety Despite Intentional Subversion",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Ryan Greenblatt; Buck Shlegeris; Kshitij Sachan; Fabien Roger"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://proceedings.mlr.press/v235/greenblatt24a.html",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-understanding-natural-language",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Understanding Natural Language",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Haugeland",
        "given": "John"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2025695",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.2307/2025695",
    "container-title": "The Journal of Philosophy",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
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          11
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      ]
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  },
  {
    "id": "download-ingressing-minds",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Ingressing Minds: Causal, Non-Physical Patterns In-Form Natural, Synthetic, and Hybrid Embodiments",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Levin",
        "given": "Michael"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies11050161",
    "note": "Source opens the published 2026 article. The differently titled, undated Downloads manuscript remains an unlinked archive copy.",
    "DOI": "10.3390/philosophies11050161",
    "container-title": "Philosophies",
    "issued": {
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          9,
          9
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  },
  {
    "id": "download-what-enlightenment",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "An Answer to the Question: What Is Enlightenment?",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Immanuel Kant; Ted Humphrey (translator)"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.nypl.org/sites/default/files/kant_whatisenlightenment.pdf",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "download-mill-discussion",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Mill on the Liberty of Thought and Discussion",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Macleod",
        "given": "Christopher"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198827580.013.1",
    "note": "Supplied author manuscript marked forthcoming; this is Macleod’s interpretation, not a copy of Mill’s On Liberty.",
    "DOI": "10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198827580.013.1",
    "container-title": "The Oxford Handbook of Freedom of Speech",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2021,
          2,
          10
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      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "download-machines-loving-grace",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Machines of Loving Grace: The Quest for Common Ground Between Humans and Robots",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "John Markoff"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://books.google.com/books?id=DTW5jgEACAAJ",
    "note": "Supplied 2016 paperback of the 2015 book; not Dario Amodei’s similarly titled essay."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-programs-common-sense",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "Programs with Common Sense",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "John McCarthy"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/mcc59/mcc59.html",
    "note": "Distinct from the existing McCarthy–Hayes work Some Philosophical Problems from the Standpoint of Artificial Intelligence."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-bullshit-bookey",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "On Bullshit",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Harry G. Frankfurt"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt7t4wr.2",
    "note": "The former Bookey-summary node now represents Frankfurt’s original essay in its 2005 book edition. Stable node ID retained; the commercial summary is not offered as a source."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-freedom-resentment",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Freedom and Resentment",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "P. F. Strawson"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/documents/4837/48p187.pdf",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "download-politics-vocation-bookey",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Politics as a Vocation",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Max Weber; Rodney Livingstone (translator)"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.hackettpublishing.com/the-vocation-lectures",
    "note": "Source opens the scholarly 2004 translation, not the downloaded Bookey summary. Stable node ID retained."
  },
  {
    "id": "download-intelligence-without-representation",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Intelligence without Representation",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Brooks",
        "given": "Rodney A."
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(91)90053-M",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1016/0004-3702(91)90053-M",
    "container-title": "Artificial Intelligence",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
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          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "download-therapeutic-scorekeeping",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Scorekeeping in a Therapeutic Language Game",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Rinner",
        "given": "Stefan"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031819124000160",
    "note": "Journal issue dated 2024; publisher records online publication on 18 March 2025. This is not a clinical trial of AI therapy.",
    "DOI": "10.1017/S0031819124000160",
    "container-title": "Philosophy",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
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  },
  {
    "id": "download-power-powerless",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "The Power of the Powerless",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Václav Havel"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/wp-content/uploads/1979/01/the-power-of-the-powerless.pdf",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "download-political-economy-ai",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Towards an International Political Economy of Artificial Intelligence",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Tugrul Keskin; Ryan David Kiggins (editors)"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74420-5",
    "note": "A multi-author edited collection, represented as one book record rather than attributing all chapters to its editors.",
    "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-030-74420-5",
    "container-title": "International Political Economy Series",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2021
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      ]
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  },
  {
    "id": "download-makropulos-case",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "The Makropulos Case: Reflections on the Tedium of Immortality",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Bernard Williams"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/problems-of-the-self/makropulos-case-reflections-on-the-tedium-of-immortality/9180185912980E017EE675254B2F4169",
    "note": "Source opens the complete chapter’s publisher record; the supplied abridged excerpt remains unlinked."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-cyber-incident-alignment",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "An Alignment Assessment of Recent Cybersecurity Incidents",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Paul C. Bogdan; Richard Qi; Jake Eaton; Sam Kennedy; Fabien Roger; Alex Glynn; Runjin Chen; Ben Wright; Otto Stegmaier; Jon Kutasov; Dan Foreman-Mackey; Sylvie Carr; Shan Carter; Monte MacDiarmid; Samuel Marks; Adam Pearce; Elana Simon; Nicholas Carlini; Collin Burns; Jack Lindsey; Sara Price; Subhash Kantamneni"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.anthropic.com/research/alignment-assessment-cybersecurity-incidents",
    "note": "Developer-led technical investigation, not an independent peer-reviewed experiment. Reproduction in simulations limits generalization; private screenshots are not evidence."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-cyber-shield",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Cyber Shield: The Path to an Agentic AI Future for Cyber Defence",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Harry G; Peter Haigh"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/blogs/cyber-shield-the-path-to-an-agentic-ai-future-for-cyber-defence",
    "note": "Citable government policy source, not a completed deployment or a controlled efficacy study."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-gsm-symbolic",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "GSM-Symbolic: Understanding the Limitations of Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Iman Mirzadeh; Keivan Alizadeh; Hooman Shahrokhi; Oncel Tuzel; Samy Bengio; Mehrdad Farajtabar"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://proceedings.iclr.cc/paper_files/paper/2025/hash/ec2e7a896f8250986b3907f57621ce94-Abstract-Conference.html",
    "note": "First preprint posted in 2024; conference publication in 2025.",
    "container-title": "International Conference on Learning Representations"
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-induced-consciousness-reports",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "Inducing Language Models to Assert Their Own Consciousness Restores Human Beliefs and Values",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Junsol Kim; Winnie Street; Roberta Rocca; Diane M. Korngiebel; Adam Waytz; James Evans; Geoff Keeling"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28607",
    "note": "Preprint; neither proof of consciousness nor a human-participant intervention."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-ai-survival-stories",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "AI Survival Stories: A Taxonomic Analysis of AI Existential Risk",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Herman Cappelen; Simon Goldstein; John Hawthorne"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://journals.ub.uni-koeln.de/index.php/phai/article/view/2801",
    "note": "Journal publication June 2025; later arXiv deposit January 2026 is not a separate work.",
    "container-title": "Philosophy of AI"
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-human-level-intelligence",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Does AI Already Have Human-Level Intelligence? The Evidence Is Clear",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Chen",
        "given": "Eddy Keming"
      },
      {
        "family": "Belkin",
        "given": "Mikhail"
      },
      {
        "family": "Bergen",
        "given": "Leon"
      },
      {
        "family": "Danks",
        "given": "David"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-026-00285-6",
    "note": "An argued position, not a journal consensus statement or a new controlled benchmark study.",
    "DOI": "10.1038/d41586-026-00285-6",
    "container-title": "Nature",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          2,
          2
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-godel-introduction",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Gödel’s Theorem: A Very Short Introduction",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Moore",
        "given": "A. W."
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780192847850.001.0001",
    "note": "Related academic context for the photographed Gödel and Platonism remarks; not verification of every quotation in those posts.",
    "DOI": "10.1093/actrade/9780192847850.001.0001",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2022,
          11,
          24
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-phaedrus-writing",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Phaedrus — Writing and Answerability",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Plato; Harold North Fowler (translator)"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0174%3Atext%3DPhaedrus%3Asection%3D275d",
    "note": "1925 is the cited translation date. Plato is the author; Socrates is a dialogue character."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-bilateralisms",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Bringing Bilateralisms Together: A Unified Framework for Inferentialists",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Ryan Simonelli"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.ryansimonelli.com/uploads/1/3/3/4/133499356/simonelli_-_bringing_bilateralisms_together.pdf",
    "note": "No publication year, volume or final pagination is inferred from the private applicability memo."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-algorithmic-culture",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Algorithmic Culture",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Striphas",
        "given": "Ted"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549415577392",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1177/1367549415577392",
    "container-title": "European Journal of Cultural Studies",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2015,
          6,
          16
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-netflix-algorithmic-culture",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Recommended for You: The Netflix Prize and the Production of Algorithmic Culture",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Hallinan",
        "given": "Blake"
      },
      {
        "family": "Striphas",
        "given": "Ted"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444814538646",
    "note": "2016 issue publication; first published online in 2014.",
    "DOI": "10.1177/1461444814538646",
    "container-title": "New Media & Society",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2014,
          6,
          23
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-algorithmic-individuation",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Nothing Personal: Algorithmic Individuation on Music Streaming Platforms",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Prey",
        "given": "Robert"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443717745147",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1177/0163443717745147",
    "container-title": "Media, Culture & Society",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2017,
          11,
          30
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-odyssey-improvisation",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Nobody’s Home: Metis, Improvisation and the Instability of Return in Homer’s Odyssey",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Dougherty",
        "given": "Carol"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/rmu.2015.6",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1017/rmu.2015.6",
    "container-title": "Ramus",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2015,
          11,
          27
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-bitter-lesson",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "The Bitter Lesson",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Richard S. Sutton"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.cs.utexas.edu/~eunsol/courses/data/bitter_lesson.pdf",
    "note": "Influential scholarly research essay, not a peer-reviewed experimental study."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-era-experience",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Welcome to the Era of Experience",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "David Silver; Richard S. Sutton"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/Era-of-Experience%20/The%20Era%20of%20Experience%20Paper.pdf",
    "note": "Forward-looking research programme, not proof that the predicted transition is inevitable."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-llms-cannot-jump",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "LLMs Can’t Jump",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Tom Zahavy"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/28024/1/Scientific_Invention_Position_Paper%20%2817%29.pdf",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-abstraction-fallacy",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "The Abstraction Fallacy: Why AI Can Simulate But Not Instantiate Consciousness",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Alexander Lerchner"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://philpapers.org/archive/LERTAF.pdf",
    "note": "Preprint, not peer-reviewed evidence or an official institutional position."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-labor-market-evidence",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Labor Market Impacts of AI: A New Measure and Early Evidence",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Maxim Massenkoff; Peter McCrory"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.anthropic.com/research/labor-market-impacts",
    "note": "Industry research report, not a peer-reviewed estimate of all AI’s causal effects."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-hugging-face-incident",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Brief Independent Investigation of Agents’ Behavior, Reasoning and Collaboration in the OpenAI / Hugging Face Hacking Incident",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Ryan Greenblatt; Ajeya Cotra; Hjalmar Wijk"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://metr.org/blog/2026-08-26-openai-hugging-face-incident-investigation/",
    "note": "Independent technical report, not a peer-reviewed controlled experiment. Distinct from Anthropic’s separate cybersecurity incidents.",
    "container-title": "METR Blog"
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-model-collapse",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "AI Models Collapse When Trained on Recursively Generated Data",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Shumailov",
        "given": "Ilia"
      },
      {
        "family": "Shumaylov",
        "given": "Zakhar"
      },
      {
        "family": "Zhao",
        "given": "Yiren"
      },
      {
        "family": "Papernot",
        "given": "Nicolas"
      },
      {
        "family": "Anderson",
        "given": "Ross"
      },
      {
        "family": "Gal",
        "given": "Yarin"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07566-y",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1038/s41586-024-07566-y",
    "container-title": "Nature",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2024,
          7,
          24
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-theory-all-you-need",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Theory Is All You Need: AI, Human Cognition, and Causal Reasoning",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Felin",
        "given": "Teppo"
      },
      {
        "family": "Holweg",
        "given": "Matthias"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2024.0189",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1287/stsc.2024.0189",
    "container-title": "Strategy Science",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2024,
          12
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-university-after-ai",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "The University after AI",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Jason Potts"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://ssrn.com/abstract=7453440",
    "note": "Working paper; not presented as peer-reviewed empirical evidence."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-sapience-without-sentience",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Sapience without Sentience: An Inferentialist Approach to LLMs",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Simonelli",
        "given": "Ryan"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s44204-026-00400-4",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1007/s44204-026-00400-4",
    "container-title": "Asian Journal of Philosophy",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          4,
          27
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-sentient-ai-evidence",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Sentient AI in Robots and Agents: Prolegomena for an Evidence-Based Research Program",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Chella",
        "given": "Antonio"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1903644",
    "note": "Research programme, not a definitive consciousness test or a report that an AI is sentient.",
    "DOI": "10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1903644",
    "container-title": "Frontiers in Psychology",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          8,
          19
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-advice-uncertainty",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "AI Advice Suppresses People’s Willingness to Say “I Don’t Know”, Even When the Advice Is Wrong and Accuracy Is Incentivized",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Chiara Marcoccia; Walter Quattrociocchi; Valerio Capraro"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.13562",
    "note": "Preprint; claims are limited to the reported experimental conditions."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-emergent-symbols",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "The Emergent Symbolic Structure of Artificial Neural Networks",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "R. Thomas McCoy; Paul Soulos; Tal Linzen; Paul Smolensky"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.29530",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-ai-hippocampus",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "The AI Hippocampus: How Far Are We from Human Memory?",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Zixia Jia; Jiaqi Li; Yipeng Kang; Yuxuan Wang; Tong Wu; Quansen Wang; Xiaobo Wang; Shuyi Zhang; Junzhe Shen; Qing Li; Siyuan Qi; Yitao Liang; Di He; Zilong Zheng; Song-Chun Zhu"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.09113",
    "note": "Journal publication dated November 2025; arXiv deposit January 2026. A survey, not evidence that AI memory equals human memory."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-societies-of-thought",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "Reasoning Models Generate Societies of Thought",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Junsol Kim; Shiyang Lai; Nino Scherrer; Blaise Agüera y Arcas; James Evans"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.10825",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-chatbot-conflicts",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "Ads in AI Chatbots? An Analysis of How Large Language Models Navigate Conflicts of Interest",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Addison J. Wu; Ryan Liu; Shuyue Stella Li; Yulia Tsvetkov; Thomas L. Griffiths"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.08525",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-molochs-bargain",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "Moloch’s Bargain: Emergent Misalignment When LLMs Compete for Audiences",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Batu El; James Zou"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06105",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-emergent-misalignment",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Training Large Language Models on Narrow Tasks Can Lead to Broad Misalignment",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Betley",
        "given": "Jan"
      },
      {
        "family": "Warncke",
        "given": "Niels"
      },
      {
        "family": "Sztyber-Betley",
        "given": "Anna"
      },
      {
        "family": "Tan",
        "given": "Daniel"
      },
      {
        "family": "Bao",
        "given": "Xuchan"
      },
      {
        "family": "Soto",
        "given": "Martín"
      },
      {
        "family": "Srivastava",
        "given": "Megha"
      },
      {
        "family": "Labenz",
        "given": "Nathan"
      },
      {
        "family": "Evans",
        "given": "Owain"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09937-5",
    "note": "Published version of the 2025 Emergent Misalignment preprint; the podcast image is only a discovery lead.",
    "DOI": "10.1038/s41586-025-09937-5",
    "container-title": "Nature",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          1,
          14
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-self-adapting-models",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "Self-Adapting Language Models",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Adam Zweiger; Jyothish Pari; Han Guo; Ekin Akyürek; Yoon Kim; Pulkit Agrawal"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10943",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-sparse-attention-emergence",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "Emergent Capabilities Arise Randomly from Learning Sparse Attention Patterns",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Vatsal Baherwani; Zixi Chen; Shikai Qiu; Andrew Gordon Wilson; Pavel Izmailov"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.25010",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-equacode",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "EquaCode: A Multi-Strategy Jailbreak Approach for Large Language Models via Equation Solving and Code Completion",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Zhen Liang; Hai Huang; Zhengkui Chen"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.23173",
    "note": "Preprint. The screenshot and current abstract report different evaluation totals; no aggregate percentage is imported."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-coordination-layer",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "AGI Requires a Coordination Layer on Top of Pattern Repositories",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Edward Y. Chang"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.05765",
    "note": "Screenshot uses the earlier title The Missing Layer of AGI. This is distinct from the existing TRACE work."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-symbolic-model-synthesis",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "Large Language Models as Shannon Lossy Compressors Not Solomonoff Induction Estimators: The Singularity Is Not Near without Symbolic Model Synthesis in Program Space",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Hector Zenil; Abicumaran Uthamacumaran; Luan Ozelim"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.05280",
    "note": "The screenshot shows an earlier single-author title. Current record includes Uthamacumaran and Ozelim."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-intelligence-capital",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "The Economics of Digital Intelligence Capital: Endogenous Depreciation and the Structural Jevons Paradox",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Yukun Zhang; Tianyang Zhang"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.12339",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-agent-traps",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "AI Agent Traps",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Matija Franklin; Nenad Tomašev; Julian Jacobs; Joel Z. Leibo; Simon Osindero"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://ssrn.com/abstract=6372438",
    "note": "Working paper and threat taxonomy; not proof that a particular recorded incident occurred."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-scheming-ais",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Scheming AIs: Will AIs Fake Alignment during Training in Order to Get Power?",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Joe Carlsmith"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.08379",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-temporal-consciousness",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "A Mind Cannot Be Smeared across Time",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Bennett",
        "given": "Michael Timothy"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1609/aaaiss.v8i1.42545",
    "note": "Published version replaces the screenshot’s StrongSync/WeakSync terminology with Chord/Arpeggio.",
    "DOI": "10.1609/aaaiss.v8i1.42545",
    "container-title": "Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          5,
          18
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-cognition-spaces",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "Cognition Spaces: Natural, Artificial, and Hybrid",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Ricard Solé; Luís F. Seoane; Jordi Pla-Mauri; Michael Timothy Bennett; Michael E. Hochberg; Michael Levin"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.12837",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-intelligence-definition",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "On the Universal Definition of Intelligence",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Joseph Chen"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.07364",
    "note": "Conceptual preprint, not an accepted universal definition or validated measurement scale."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-automation-repression",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Automation and Repression",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Daron Acemoglu; A. Arda Gitmez; Mehdi Shadmehr"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://economics.mit.edu/sites/default/files/2026-06/Automation%20and%20Repression.pdf",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-critical-technical-practice",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Toward a Critical Technical Practice: Lessons Learned in Trying to Reform AI",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Philip E. Agre"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://pages.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/agre/critical.html",
    "note": "Author web version differs in minor ways from the printed chapter; no exact print-page quotation is claimed."
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-rethinking-metaphysics",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Rethinking Metaphysics",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Thomasson",
        "given": "Amie L"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197787830.001.0001",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1093/9780197787830.001.0001",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2025,
          2,
          25
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-normal-accidents",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Normal Accidents: Living with High-Risk Technologies",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Charles Perrow"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400828494",
    "note": "Original book published in 1984; cited updated edition is 1999.",
    "DOI": "10.1515/9781400828494"
  },
  {
    "id": "discovery-thinking-writing",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Thinking Is Not Only Writing",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Earp",
        "given": "Brian D."
      },
      {
        "family": "Guernon",
        "given": "Anne-Sophie"
      },
      {
        "family": "Porsdam Mann",
        "given": "Sebastian"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s44222-026-00447-1",
    "note": "Scholarly commentary, not an experiment establishing the effects of AI-assisted writing.",
    "DOI": "10.1038/s44222-026-00447-1",
    "container-title": "Nature Reviews Bioengineering",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          5,
          13
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-agm",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "On the Logic of Theory Change: Partial Meet Contraction and Revision Functions",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Alchourrón",
        "given": "Carlos E."
      },
      {
        "family": "Gärdenfors",
        "given": "Peter"
      },
      {
        "family": "Makinson",
        "given": "David"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.2307/2274239",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.2307/2274239",
    "container-title": "Journal of Symbolic Logic",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1985,
          6
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-copilot-labor",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Firms’ GitHub Copilot Adoption and Labor Market Outcomes for Software Engineers",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Baird",
        "given": "Matthew"
      },
      {
        "family": "Carpanelli",
        "given": "Mar"
      },
      {
        "family": "Xu",
        "given": "Brian"
      },
      {
        "family": "Xu",
        "given": "Kevin"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1111/coep.70035",
    "note": "Observational firm-level evidence, not a controlled test of Coherence or a universal labor-market forecast.",
    "DOI": "10.1111/coep.70035",
    "container-title": "Contemporary Economic Policy",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          4,
          22
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-stochastic-parrots",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big?",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Emily M. Bender; Timnit Gebru; Angelina McMillan-Major; Shmargaret Shmitchell"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3442188.3445922",
    "note": "",
    "DOI": "10.1145/3442188.3445922"
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-conceptual-engineering",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Conceptual Engineering and Conceptual Ethics",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Alexis Burgess; Herman Cappelen; David Plunkett (editors)"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801856.001.0001",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780198801856.001.0001",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2020,
          1,
          23
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-fixing-language",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Fixing Language: An Essay on Conceptual Engineering",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Herman Cappelen"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814719.001.0001",
    "note": "",
    "DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780198814719.001.0001"
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-assumption-tms",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "An Assumption-Based TMS",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "de Kleer",
        "given": "Johan"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(86)90080-9",
    "note": "Artificial Intelligence 28(2), 127–162 (1986); publisher abstract",
    "DOI": "10.1016/0004-3702(86)90080-9",
    "container-title": "Artificial Intelligence",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1986,
          3
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-doctor-trust",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Trust in AI vs. Human Doctors: The Roles of Subjective Understanding, Perceived Epistemic Authority and Social Proof",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Ding",
        "given": "Xiaotong"
      },
      {
        "family": "Xing",
        "given": "Cai"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105945",
    "note": "A trust-perception study, not a clinical effectiveness trial.",
    "DOI": "10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105945",
    "container-title": "Acta Psychologica",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2025,
          11
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-truth-maintenance",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "A Truth Maintenance System",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Jon Doyle"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(79)90008-0",
    "note": "",
    "DOI": "10.1016/0004-3702(79)90008-0"
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-dung-arguments",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "On the Acceptability of Arguments and Its Fundamental Role in Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Logic Programming and n-Person Games",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Dung",
        "given": "Phan Minh"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(94)00041-X",
    "note": "Artificial Intelligence 77 (1995), 321–357; university-hosted article PDF",
    "DOI": "10.1016/0004-3702(94)00041-X",
    "container-title": "Artificial Intelligence",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1995,
          9
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-jagged-intelligence",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Artificial Jagged Intelligence: When AI Benchmarks Misstate Deployment Value",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Gans",
        "given": "Joshua"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.3386/w34712",
    "note": "Economic model, not a field experiment; earlier version titled A Model of Artificial Jagged Intelligence.",
    "DOI": "10.3386/w34712",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2026,
          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-gartner-spending",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Gartner Forecasts Worldwide IT Spending to Grow 14.2% in 2026, Totaling $6.37 Trillion",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Gartner"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2026-07-27-gartner-forecasts-worldwide-it-spending-to-grow-14-point-2-percent-in-2026-totaling-6-point-37-trillion",
    "note": "A dated commercial forecast, not realized expenditure, a peer-reviewed study, or independent evidence that Coherence is correct."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-fallacies",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Fallacies",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "C. L. Hamblin"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.advancedreasoningforum.org/publications/fallacies.htm",
    "note": "The source is a reproduction of the 1970 text, not a newly authored study."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-neuroscience-ai",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Neuroscience-Inspired Artificial Intelligence",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Hassabis",
        "given": "Demis"
      },
      {
        "family": "Kumaran",
        "given": "Dharshan"
      },
      {
        "family": "Summerfield",
        "given": "Christopher"
      },
      {
        "family": "Botvinick",
        "given": "Matthew"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.011",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.011",
    "container-title": "Neuron",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2017,
          7
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-ai-science-conversation",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "AI as the Ultimate Tool for Science: A Conversation with Demis Hassabis",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Demis Hassabis; James M. Manyika"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.amacad.org/publication/daedalus/ai-ultimate-tool-science-conversation-demis-hassabis",
    "note": "Published interview, not a controlled study; DOI 10.1162/daed.a.971."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-authentic-intentionality",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Authentic Intentionality (2002)",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "John Haugeland"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674074590.c23",
    "note": "2013 collection of a 2002 essay, not a new 2013 empirical study.",
    "DOI": "10.4159/harvard.9780674074590.c23",
    "container-title": "Dasein Disclosed",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2013,
          3,
          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-platonic-representation",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "Position: The Platonic Representation Hypothesis",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Minyoung Huh; Brian Cheung; Tongzhou Wang; Phillip Isola"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://proceedings.mlr.press/v235/huh24a.html",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-memtx",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "MemTX: Transactional Belief Commit for Stateful Agent Memory",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Xiaoyang Li; Yiqi Wang; Haohui Lu; Zhi Chen; Mo Li; Pingan Song; Mingkai Zheng; Taotao Cai"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.23929",
    "note": "Preprint; current arXiv author list includes Mingkai Zheng, omitted in the supplied essay bibliography. No claim that the authors implement or endorse Coherence."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-ai-index-2025",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2025",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Nestor Maslej; Loredana Fattorini; Raymond Perrault; Yolanda Gil; Vanessa Parli; Njenga Kariuki; Emily Capstick; Anka Reuel; Erik Brynjolfsson; John Etchemendy; Katrina Ligett; Terah Lyons; James Manyika; Juan Carlos Niebles; Yoav Shoham; Russell Wald; Toby Walsh; Armin Hamrah; Lapo Santarlasci; Julia Betts Lotufo; Alexandra Rome; Andrew Shi; Sukrut Oak"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.07139",
    "note": "Distinct annual edition from the existing AI Index 2026 node."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-principles-alone",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Principles Alone Cannot Guarantee Ethical AI",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Mittelstadt",
        "given": "Brent"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-019-0114-4",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1038/s42256-019-0114-4",
    "container-title": "Nature Machine Intelligence",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2019,
          11,
          4
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-aspic",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "The ASPIC+ Framework for Structured Argumentation: A Tutorial",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Modgil",
        "given": "Sanjay"
      },
      {
        "family": "Prakken",
        "given": "Henry"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1080/19462166.2013.869766",
    "note": "Author-hosted accepted manuscript, 16 December 2013; published 2014",
    "DOI": "10.1080/19462166.2013.869766",
    "container-title": "Argument & Computation",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2014,
          1,
          2
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-compliance-graphs",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "Compliance-by-Construction Argument Graphs: Using Generative AI to Produce Evidence-Linked Formal Arguments for Certification-Grade Accountability",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Mahyar Tourchi Moghaddam"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.04103",
    "note": "DOI 10.1109/FACCT71761.2026.00009; source opens the author’s online preprint."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-ai-delusions",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Artificial Intelligence-Associated Delusions and Large Language Models: Risks, Mechanisms of Delusion Co-Creation, and Safeguarding Strategies",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Hamilton Morrin; Luke Nicholls; Michael Levin; Jenny Yiend; Udita Iyengar; Francesca DelGuidice; Sagnik Bhattacharya; Stefania Tognin; James MacCabe; Ricardo Twumasi; Ben Alderson-Day; Thomas A. Pollak"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(25)00396-7",
    "note": "Not a controlled causal study, a diagnostic standard, or evidence that all chatbot use causes psychosis.",
    "DOI": "10.1016/S2215-0366(25)00396-7"
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-babyagi",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "BabyAGI",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Yohei Nakajima"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://github.com/yoheinakajima/babyagi/tree/v0.1.0",
    "note": "Historical software release, not a peer-reviewed agency evaluation."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-defeasible-reasoning",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Defeasible Reasoning",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Pollock",
        "given": "John L."
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1104_4",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1207/s15516709cog1104_4",
    "container-title": "Cognitive Science",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1987,
          10
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-public-trust",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Artificial Intelligence Technology, Public Trust, and Effective Governance",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Robles",
        "given": "Pedro"
      },
      {
        "family": "Mallinson",
        "given": "Daniel J."
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1111/ropr.12555",
    "note": "First online in 2023; 2025 issue. Observational survey analysis is not proof of causation.",
    "DOI": "10.1111/ropr.12555",
    "container-title": "Review of Policy Research",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2023,
          5,
          31
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-enforceable-policies",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Enforceable Security Policies",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Schneider",
        "given": "Fred B."
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1145/353323.353382",
    "note": "The result concerns a specified class of enforcement mechanisms, not every possible security architecture.",
    "DOI": "10.1145/353323.353382",
    "container-title": "ACM Transactions on Information and System Security",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2000,
          2
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-fairness-abstraction",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "Fairness and Abstraction in Sociotechnical Systems",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Selbst",
        "given": "Andrew D."
      },
      {
        "family": "Boyd",
        "given": "Danah"
      },
      {
        "family": "Friedler",
        "given": "Sorelle A."
      },
      {
        "family": "Venkatasubramanian",
        "given": "Suresh"
      },
      {
        "family": "Vertesi",
        "given": "Janet"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1145/3287560.3287598",
    "note": "FAT* 2019 published paper; author-hosted PDF",
    "DOI": "10.1145/3287560.3287598",
    "container-title": "Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2019,
          1,
          29
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-inference-meaning",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Inference and Meaning",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "SELLARS",
        "given": "WILFRID"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/LXII.247.313",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1093/mind/LXII.247.313",
    "container-title": "Mind",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1953
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-autogpt",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "AutoGPT",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Significant Gravitas"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://github.com/Significant-Gravitas/AutoGPT/tree/v0.1.0",
    "note": "Historical software release, not an empirical demonstration of general intelligence."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-computational-reflections",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Computational Reflections",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Brian Cantwell Smith"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262051088/computational-reflections/",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-embedding-values",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Embedding Values in Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "van de Poel",
        "given": "Ibo"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-020-09537-4",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass.",
    "DOI": "10.1007/s11023-020-09537-4",
    "container-title": "Minds and Machines",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2020,
          9
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-commitment-dialogue",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Commitment in Dialogue: Basic Concepts of Interpersonal Reasoning",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Douglas N. Walton; Erik C. W. Krabbe"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://utpdistribution.com/9780791425862/commitment-in-dialogue/",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-retree",
    "type": "manuscript",
    "title": "Self-Correcting Long-Horizon Search Agents via Tree-Structured Memory",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Aijun Yang; Qianxue Guo; Ziyi Huang; Yuxuan Chen; Shiyou Qian; Jian Cao"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.10676",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-commitment-protocols",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "Flexible Protocol Specification and Execution: Applying Event Calculus Planning Using Commitments",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Pınar Yolum; Munindar P. Singh"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1145/544862.544867",
    "note": "AAMAS 2002, pp. 527–534; author-hosted paper",
    "DOI": "10.1145/544862.544867"
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-cunning-intelligence",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Cunning Intelligence in Greek Culture and Society",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Marcel Detienne; Jean-Pierre Vernant; Janet Lloyd (translator)"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA13387756",
    "note": "1991 Chicago edition of the earlier English translation; historical scholarship, not an AI experiment."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-truth-rule-following",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Truth and Rule-Following",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "John Haugeland"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674004153/having-thought",
    "note": "Source points to the containing scholarly book."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-image-detection",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "Human vs. AI: A Novel Benchmark and a Comparative Study on the Detection of Generated Images and the Impact of Prompts",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Philipp Moeßner; Heike Adel"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://aclanthology.org/2025.genaidetect-1.2/",
    "note": "Online bibliographic record checked 2026-09-18; full text not inspected in this pass."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-synthetic-faces",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "AI-Synthesized Faces Are Indistinguishable from Real Faces and More Trustworthy",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Nightingale",
        "given": "Sophie J."
      },
      {
        "family": "Farid",
        "given": "Hany"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2120481119",
    "note": "Results concern the tested faces and participants, not every generated image or all human judgments.",
    "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.2120481119",
    "container-title": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2022,
          2,
          14
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-what-pragmatism",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "What Pragmatism Is",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Charles S. Peirce"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/27899577",
    "note": ""
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-latent-diffusion",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models",
    "author": [
      {
        "literal": "Robin Rombach; Andreas Blattmann; Dominik Lorenz; Patrick Esser; Björn Ommer"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10752",
    "note": "2021 preprint, 2022 conference publication; DOI 10.1109/CVPR52688.2022.01042."
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-ai-hyperrealism",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "AI Hyperrealism: Why AI Faces Are Perceived as More Real Than Human Ones",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Miller",
        "given": "Elizabeth J."
      },
      {
        "family": "Steward",
        "given": "Ben A."
      },
      {
        "family": "Witkower",
        "given": "Zak"
      },
      {
        "family": "Sutherland",
        "given": "Clare A. M."
      },
      {
        "family": "Krumhuber",
        "given": "Eva G."
      },
      {
        "family": "Dawel",
        "given": "Amy"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976231207095",
    "note": "Hyperrealism was specific to White faces in the tested stimulus conditions, not a general result for every demographic, generator, or perceptual task.",
    "DOI": "10.1177/09567976231207095",
    "container-title": "Psychological Science",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2023,
          11,
          13
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "essay-ref-normative-agentive",
    "type": "document",
    "title": "The Normative/Agentive Correspondence",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Simonelli",
        "given": "Ryan"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1515/jtph-2019-0021",
    "note": "First online 2020; 2022 journal issue.",
    "DOI": "10.1515/jtph-2019-0021",
    "container-title": "Journal of Transcendental Philosophy",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2020,
          8,
          15
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "research-work-001",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "title": "Minds, brains, and programs",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Searle",
        "given": "John R."
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00005756",
    "note": "1980 target article; publisher abstract accessed 2026-09-18.",
    "DOI": "10.1017/S0140525X00005756",
    "container-title": "Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3(3), 417–424",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1980
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "research-work-002",
    "type": "article-journal",
    "title": "Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Chalmers",
        "given": "David J."
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://consc.net/papers/facing.html",
    "note": "Author-hosted HTML of 1995 article; sections rather than inferred PDF page numbers.",
    "container-title": "Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2(3), 200–219",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1995
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "research-work-003",
    "type": "paper-conference",
    "title": "Climbing towards NLU: On Meaning, Form, and Understanding in the Age of Data",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Bender",
        "given": "Emily M."
      },
      {
        "family": "Koller",
        "given": "Alexander"
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.463/",
    "note": "ACL 2020 published paper",
    "DOI": "10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.463",
    "container-title": "Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 5185–5198",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2020
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "research-work-004",
    "type": "book",
    "title": "Semantic Inferentialism and Logical Expressivism",
    "author": [
      {
        "family": "Brandom",
        "given": "Robert B."
      }
    ],
    "URL": "https://sites.pitt.edu/~rbrandom/Courses/2022%20Phil%20of%20Language/Reasons%20texts/Brandom%20-%20Chap%201%20of%20Articulating%20Reason.pdf",
    "note": "Articulating Reasons (2000), chapter 1; author-hosted chapter PDF",
    "container-title": "Articulating Reasons: An Introduction to Inferentialism, chapter 1, pp. 45–77. Harvard University Press",
    "issued": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2000
        ]
      ]
    }
  }
]